¿Quiénes son y cómo operan las poderosas milicias de Río de Janeiro?

Intimidaciones, extorsiones y asesinatos. La violencia de las milicias armadas, grupos parapoliciales compuestos por policías, militares o bomberos en activo o retirados, avanza desde hace años y condiciona la vida de millones de personas en las zonas que están bajo su control. 

Pero, ¿quiénes son estas bandas que ya están presentes en más de la mitad del territorio carioca y que tienen infiltrados en la política local?

Su nacimiento se sitúa a finales de los años 70, en plena dictadura militar (1964-1985). Se les considera herederas de los llamados “escuadrones de la muerte”, grupos de exterminio integrados por policías y otros agentes de seguridad financiados por empresarios o comerciantes para actuar de acuerdo a sus intereses. 

El sociólogo José Cláudio Souza Alves, que lleva décadas estudiándolas, explica a RT que estos exagentes del Estado eran entrenados en operaciones policiales extremadamente violentas, por lo que se convirtieron en especialistas del crimen. Durante esa década llevaron a cabo multitud de asesinatos bajo la lógica del “enemigo tiene que morir”.

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